Understanding of Non-metallic Mineral Resources in China
2020-07-09 11:06Introduction：The non-metallic mineral resources in China are relatively complete in variety, rich in resources, excellent in texture and relatively wide in distribution. Most of the mineral resources have advantages, and a few have poor reserves, which
The non-metallic mineral resources in China are relatively complete in variety, rich in resources, excellent in texture and relatively wide in distribution. Most of the mineral resources have advantages, and a few have poor reserves, which have the following characteristics as a whole.(一) The types of mineral resources are quite complete
(1) China has a complete range of non-metallic mineral resources. As of end of 1996, there are 88 proven reserves of non-metallic minerals in China, with 7,615 mineral sites. According to industrial use, there are three types of auxiliary metallurgical raw materials, chemical raw materials and building materials and other uses:
(2) The non-metallic mineral resources of metallurgical auxiliary raw materials include uranite, sillimanite, andalusite, magnesite, fluorite, limestone (containing flux, chemical, building materials subspecies, no longer listed separately in other ore groups, the same as below). Dolomite (multi-purpose), sandstone (multi-purpose), clay (multi-purpose), sand (multi-purpose), vein quartz (multi-purpose), feralite, peridotite (multi-purpose). Quartzite (multi-purpose), refractory clay and serpentine (multi-purpose) are 16 minerals with 1193 provenances.
(3) Non-metallic mineral resources of chemical raw materials include natural sulfur, sodium nitrite, alunite, pyrite, mirabilite, barite, toxic barite, natural alkali, potash sand shale, peat, salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, iodine, arsenic, bromine, boron. Phosphorite and other 18 kinds of mineral resources of 2,230 places of origin.
(4) Building materials and other non-metallic mineral resources include diamond, graphite, crystal, corundum, wollastonite, talc, asbestos, blue asbestos, mica, feldspar, pomegranate, pyrophyllite, diopside, tremolite, vermiculite. Zeolite, gypsum, calcite, glacial, gemstone, jade, agate, pigment mineral, marl, chalk, powdered quartz, natural oil stone, diatomite, shale, kaolin, ceramic clay, attapulgite clay. Sepiolite clay, Illite clay, rectorite clay, bentonite, mudstone, amphibolite, gabbro, basalt, diabase, andesite, diorite, granite, perlite, pumice, nepheline syenite, tuff. Coarse rock, marble, volcanic ash, cinder, slate and gneiss, etc. 54 kinds of mineral resources 4192 places of origin
(二) The mineral resources are abundant in general, and the reserves of mineral resources are abundant and deficient.
China is rich in proven reserves of nonmetallic mineral resources, most of which can meet the needs of national economic construction and development from this century to 2010. Rich reserves of minerals are fluorite, magnesite, barite, mirabilite, graphite, talc, wollastonite, gypsum, bentonite, salt, cement limestone, glass siliceous raw materials, granite and marble. Not only can meet domestic demand, but also surplus exports. Proven reserves are limited, can not guarantee the country needs potassium salt, natural alkali, diamond and high-grade treasure jade stone and so on.
(三) Mineral distribution is widespread and relatively unbalanced
Most of the non-metallic mineral areas are widely distributed, such as fluorite, refractory clay, sulfur, barite, salt, mica, gypsum, cement limestone, glass siliceous raw materials, kaolin, bentonite, granite. Marble and other mineral areas are widely distributed to more than 2/3 provinces (districts, municipalities), in which cement limestone, glass siliceous raw materials, granite and marble and other large mineral minerals throughout the country provinces (regions).
The city.At the same time, most of the mineral reserves are relatively concentrated in the eastern and central regions of China, especially in the southeast coastal areas, such as sulfur, quartz sand, kaolin, stone, graphite, talc, fluorite. Barite provides convenient geographical conditions for exploitation and international trade. Only phosphate ore is relatively concentrated in cloud, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei and other provinces, forming the adverse distribution of southern phosphorus and northern transport; The salt minerals such as potash, mirabilite, salt ore and natural alkali are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, which is located in the remote plateau and is difficult to develop.
(四) The quality of ore is different, and the quality of building materials is the majority, and the quality of chemical minerals is poor.
In ore quality, a lot of auxiliary use, building materials and other minerals ore texture excellent, welcomed by the international and domestic market. Such as the well-known scale-like crystalline graphite, cryptocrystalline graphite; Stable quality, high grade, less impurity talc, magnesite and refractory clay ore; Pure fluorite and barite; Perlite ore with high expansion ratio; Zeolite ore with mineral variety (clinoptilolite and mordenite); Fibrous high quality low iron wollastonite; Luxury elegant white marble (marble) and imperial concubine red (granite) and so on. But fertilizer mineral sulfur and phosphorus and boron ore grade is low or the refractory ore.
The average grade of pyrite ore in China is only 18.8%. Among phosphate rock reserves ,rich ore( P2O5 > 30) accounted for only 7. 4% of the total. The main ore types of phosphate rock are difficult to be separated, and about 90% of the reserves of boron ore belong to refractory ore of boromagnetite type.
